| Question-answer sequence level variables |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Interviewer reading problem |
|
|
−0.03
(0.03) |
|
−0.001
(0.03) |
|
| Respondent comprehension problem |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.40**
(0.05) |
| Respondent mapping problem |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.74**
(0.04) |
| Question characteristics |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Number of sentences |
0.79**
(0.07) |
0.02
(0.08) |
0.02
(0.08) |
−0.02
(0.07) |
−0.02
(0.07) |
−0.05
(0.07) |
−0.06
(0.07) |
| Flesch-Kincaid grade level |
0.11**
(0.01) |
0.04**
(0.01) |
0.04**
(0.01) |
0.02*
(0.01) |
0.03*
(0.01) |
−0.02*
(0.01) |
−0.05**
(0.01) |
| Judgment typea |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Subjective |
−0.39
(0.47) |
−0.21
(0.54) |
−0.21
(0.54) |
0.58
(0.47) |
0.58
(0.47) |
0.36
(0.52) |
0.24
(0.51) |
| Self |
−0.20
(0.52) |
−0.73
(0.59) |
−0.73
(0.59) |
0.35
(0.51) |
0.35
(0.51) |
−0.20
(0.57) |
−0.31
(0.56) |
| Response formatb |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Agree-disagree |
−0.63*
(0.27) |
−0.07
(0.31) |
−0.07
(0.31) |
0.93**
(0.25) |
0.93**
(0.26) |
1.19**
(0.28) |
0.78**
(0.27) |
| Yes-no |
−0.21
(0.15) |
−0.82**
(0.17) |
−0.82**
(0.17) |
−0.88**
(0.15) |
−0.88**
(0.15) |
−1.56**
(0.17) |
1.23**
(0.17) |
| Categorical |
−0.26+
(0.15) |
−0.34+
(0.18) |
−0.34+
(0.18) |
−0.20
(0.15) |
−0.20
(0.15) |
−0.72**
(0.18) |
−0.62**
(0.17) |
| Unipolar |
0.29+
(0.16) |
−0.84**
(0.19) |
−0.84**
(0.19) |
−0.57**
(0.16) |
−0.57**
(0.16) |
−0.56**
(0.18) |
−0.36*
(0.18) |
| Bipolar with midpoint |
0.15
(0.19) |
−0.59**
(0.22) |
−0.59**
(0.22) |
−0.43*
(0.19) |
−0.43*
(0.19) |
−0.48*
(0.20) |
−0.34+
(0.20) |
| Bipolar without midpoint |
0.49
(0.31) |
−0.94*
(0.37) |
−0.94*
(0.37) |
0.25
(0.31) |
0.25
(0.31) |
−0.31
(0.33) |
−0.52
(0.33) |
| Semantic eifferential with endpoints labeled |
−0.01
(0.22) |
0.01
(0.26) |
0.01
(0.26) |
−1.34**
(0.23) |
−1.34**
(0.23) |
−0.74**
(0.25) |
−0.22
(0.25) |
| Semantic differential with endpoints and midpoint labeled |
−0.16
(0.72) |
−2.15**
(0.84) |
−2.16**
(0.84) |
−2.19**
(0.72) |
−2.19**
(0.72) |
1.52+
(0.81) |
−0.72
(0.80) |
| Faces scale |
−0.84
(0.57) |
−0.10
(0.64) |
−0.10
(0.64) |
−2.04**
(0.56) |
−2.04**
(0.56) |
−1.57**
(0.61) |
−0.82
(0.60) |
| Abstraction |
−0.05
(0.10) |
−0.17
(0.11) |
−0.17
(0.11) |
−0.23*
(0.10) |
−0.23*
(0.10) |
−0.54**
(0.11) |
−0.50**
(0.11) |
| Deliberately difficult |
0.16
(0.37) |
2.38**
(0.41) |
2.38**
(0.41) |
0.02
(0.36) |
0.03
(0.36) |
2.42**
(0.36) |
2.68**
(0.35) |
| Time qualified judgement |
0.09
(0.09) |
0.23*
(0.11) |
0.23*
(0.11) |
−0.25**
(0.09) |
−0.25**
(0.09) |
−0.20+
(0.11) |
−0.11
(0.11) |
| Explicit DK option provided |
−0.32
(0.41) |
−0.23
(0.47) |
−0.23
(0.47) |
−0.17
(0.41) |
−0.17
(0.41) |
−0.55
(0.46) |
−0.51
(0.45) |
| Preceded by a DK filter question |
0.53
(0.58) |
−0.75
(0.67) |
−0.75
(0.67) |
−0.53
(0.58) |
−0.53
(0.58) |
−0.07
(0.61) |
0.06
(0.61) |
| DK filter question |
−0.02
(0.60) |
1.87**
(0.66) |
1.87**
(0.67) |
1.12+
(0.58) |
1.12+
(0.58) |
0.90
(0.64) |
0.10
(0.63) |
| Proxy report |
0.65**
(0.12) |
−0.94**
(0.15) |
−0.94**
(0.15) |
−0.08
(0.12) |
−0.08
(0.12) |
0.57**
(0.14) |
0.72**
(0.14) |
| Sensitivity |
−0.19
(0.14) |
0.12
(0.16) |
0.12
(0.16) |
0.38**
(0.14) |
0.38**
(0.14) |
0.26+
(0.15) |
0.13
(0.15) |
| Showcard |
0.27
(0.42) |
1.04*
(0.48) |
1.04*
(0.48) |
1.11*
(0.45) |
1.11*
(0.42) |
0.67
(0.47) |
0.17
(0.44) |
| Number of previous questions |
0.001**
(0.0002) |
−0.001**
(0.0003) |
−0.001**
(0.0003) |
−0.0002**
(0.0002) |
−0.0002**
(0.0002) |
−0.001
(0.001) |
0.0004
(0.001) |
| Intercept |
−4.93**
(0.60) |
−2.78**
(0.64) |
−2.79**
(0.64) |
−2.70**
(0.55) |
−2.70**
(0.55) |
−3.38**
(0.64) |
4.10**
(0.64) |
| Question-answer sequence level df |
107,355 |
107,355 |
107,355 |
107,355 |
107,355 |
107,355 |
107,355 |
| Respondent df |
544 |
544 |
544 |
544 |
544 |
544 |
544 |
| Question df |
294 |
294 |
294 |
294 |
294 |
294 |
294 |