Dependent variable
Blacks try harder
(1) (2) (3)
Ideology 0.257***
(0.084)
0.261**
(0.103)
0.269***
(0.085)
Female –0.608***
(0.212)
–0.716***
(0.257)
–0.616***
(0.213)
Age 0.018**
(0.007)
0.022**
(0.009)
0.018**
(0.007)
Education –0.419***
(0.142)
–0.661***
(0.174)
–0.407***
(0.143)
Income <$40K 0.666*
(0.357)
0.222
(0.418)
0.674*
(0.359)
Income <$40K–$60K 0.049
(0.337)
–0.100
(0.402)
0.129
(0.340)
Income <$60–$100K –0.198
(0.312)
–0.408
(0.365)
–0.181
(0.313)
Income missing 0.444
(0.343)
0.662
(0.440)
0.618*
(0.350)
Democrat –0.114
(0.259)
0.082
(0.306)
–0.148
(0.260)
Republican 0.471*
(0.270)
0.705**
(0.340)
0.442
(0.273)
ROI Perceived White 0.360
(0.307)
0.593***
(0.223)
ROI Perceived Black 0.223
(0.381)

Intercepts
0|1 0.709 0.628 1.126
1|2 2.089 2.142 2.522
2|3 3.506 3.647 3.956
Observations 357 247 357
Akaike Information Criterion 889.539 620.798 886.228